Department

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Legality of ESUSL® Offering Nominal Degrees

Is it legally permissible for ESUSL® to offer a nominal degree based solely on its registration under the Loi relative au contrat d'association (Law of 1 July 1901)?

Yes. It is legally permissible for École Supérieure Universitaire St. Linus (ESUSL®) to offer a nominal degree based solely on its registration under the Law of 1 July 1901 (Loi relative au contrat d'association), provided the degree is privately structured, non-accredited, and transparently presented. ESUSL® is a non-profit association structured in accordance with Articles 1832 to 1873 of the Code civil, granting it lawful autonomy to develop educational activities outside the French national education system, without affiliation to any Rectorat and without authorization to award diplômes nationaux. The use of academic titles such as “Bachelor,” “Master,” or “Doctorate” within ESUSL®’s certification framework is strictly nominal, referring exclusively to internal structuring of its privately developed programs. These titles are not translated from, nor equivalent to, the protected French academic titles Licence, Master, or Doctorat. Their usage is legally supported by: (1) the Law of 1 July 1901, which permits the association to create and name internal academic offerings; (2) Articles L.444-1 to L.444-11 and R.444-1 to R.444-28 of the Code de l’éducation, which regulate private, non-contracted institutions and do not prohibit such nomenclature; (3) Décret n° 2021-1570 du 3 décembre 2021, which protects specific French academic titles but, by omission, permits nominal use of English titles if no equivalence is claimed; and (4) the Arrêté du 25 février 2020, which governs title protection but does not regulate English-language designations in private contexts. Additionally, in compliance with the Code de la consommation, ESUSL® ensures all certifications are presented in full transparency, labeled as non-accredited, and accompanied by disclaimers that prevent any confusion with qualifications recognized by the French government or listed in the Répertoire National des Certifications Professionnelles (RNCP).

Disclaimer: Our institution does not formally implement Validation des Acquis de l’Expérience (VAE) as defined by French education law. Instead, we apply a Prior Learning Recognition (PLR) methodology tailored to our institutional framework. While we reference VAE in educational discourse to support the recognition of experiential learning, such mention serves to encourage broader understanding of learning pathways and does not constitute formal application within our certification processes.

The applicants may email the Registrar for the details of each Department below: